am,is,are到底在什么情况下在句子中出现啊????

BE动词和实义动词在句子中出现,不知道为什么用BE动词,为什么用实义动词 。 比如:where are you going?和where you going?
还有 Do you understand?和Are you understand? 到底是用DO还是BE啊??? 这两者到底有什么区别啊??? 两者到底在什么情况下用啊??

Am放在主语I后面,表“我是……”
Are放在YOU或者They后面,表“你是……/他们是……/她们是六”
Is放在He、She、It的后面,也都翻成“是”

如果是一般疑问句,就要将主谓语调换位置,就是将Be动词放在居首
如“Is she……”、“Are they……”、“Are you……”之类的

诸如:

1.Where are you going? 你准备去哪里? (be GOING TO ,是固定搭配)

2.Where do you go? 你去哪里? (对动作提问,用DO)

3.Do you understand? 你明白吗? (对动作提问,用DO )

4.I am going to buy some books. (am 与 I 连用)
5.He is running slowly. (IS 与第三人称单数连用)
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第1个回答  2008-08-12
首先你举的例句就有毛病:where are you going?是对的,where you going?是错的。

be
AHD:[b?]
D.J.[bi8]
K.K.[bi]
v.(动词)
第一和第三人称单数陈述语气过去动词形式 was[w?z, w?z] [w…z] 非重读时 第二人称单数和复数以及第一和第三人称复数过去陈述语气词 were[w?r] were的过去虚拟语气词过去分词 been[b1n] 现在分词 be.ing[b?“1ng] 第一人称单数现在陈述语气词 am[2m] 第二人称单数和复数以及第一和第三人称复数现在陈述语气词 are[?r] 第三人称单数现在陈述语气词 is[1z] 现在虚拟语气词 be
v.intr.(不及物动词)
To exist in actuality; have life or reality:
有,存在:存在于现实中;有生命或现实性:
I think, therefore I am.
我思故我在
To occupy a specified position:
在:占据一个特定的位置:
The food is on the table.
食物在桌上
To remain in a certain state or situation undisturbed, untouched, or unmolested:
处于,持续:保持某一种状态不受干扰、没被触碰、没被干涉妨害:
Let the children be.
随这些孩子们去
To take place; occur:
举行;发生:
The test was yesterday.
昨天进行了测验
To go or come:
去或来:
Have you ever been to Italy? Have you been home recently?
你曾经去过意大利吗?最近你回过家吗?
Usage Problem Used as a copula in such senses as:
【用法疑难】 是:在下面的意义上作系动词使用:
To equal in identity:
是:介绍相等的身份:
“To be a Christian was to be a Roman”(James Bryce)
“如果是个基督徒就等于是个罗马人”(詹姆斯·布赖斯)
To have a specified significance:
具有特殊意义:
A is excellent, C is passing. Let n be the unknown quantity.
A表示优秀,C表示及格。n表示未知数
To belong to a specified class or group:
类:属于一个特定的阶级或团体:
The human being is a primate.
人类是灵长类动物
To have or show a specified quality or characteristic:
是:具有或表现出特定的性质或特点:
She is lovely. All men are mortal.
她是可爱的。人难免一死
To seem to consist or be made of:
似乎是由…组成或制成的:
The yard is all snow. He is all bluff and no bite.
院子里全是雪。他只会虚张声势
To belong; befall:
属于;遇到:
Peace be unto you. Woe is me.
愿你平安。我真伤心
v.aux.(助动词)
Used with the past participle of a transitive verb to form the passive voice:
与一个及物动词的过去分词连用,形成被动语态:
The mayoral election is held annually.
市长选举每年都会举行
Used with the present participle of a verb to express a continuing action:
与动词的现在分词连用,表示一个持续不断的动作:
We are working to improve housing conditions.
我们正努力改善住房条件
Used with the infinitive of a verb to express intention, obligation, or future action:
与动词不定式连用表示倾向、义务或将来的动作:
She was to call before she left. You are to make the necessary changes.
她打算在离开前打电话。你要做出必要的改变
Archaic Used with the past participle of certain intransitive verbs to form the perfect tense:
【古语】 与某些不及物动词的过去分词连用,形成现在完成时态:
“Where be those roses gone which sweetened so our eyes?”(Philip Sidney)
“那些令人赏心悦目的玫瑰花哪里去了?”(菲利普·悉尼)

do
do 1
AHD:[d›]
D.J.[du8]
K.K.[du]
v.(动词)
did[d¹d] done[d¾n] do.ing,does[d¾z]
v.tr.(及物动词)
To perform or execute:
做:进行或执行:
do one's assigned task; do a series of business deals.
做指定的任务;进行一系列交易
To fulfill the requirements of:
按要求履行:
did my duty at all times.
一直在履行我的责任
To carry out; commit:
做;犯:
a crime that had been done on purpose.
刻意犯下的罪行
To produce, especially by creative effort:
制作:生产,特别是通过创造性的劳动者:
do a play on Broadway.
在百老汇演一出戏
To play the part or role of in a creative production:
扮演:在创造性产品中扮演一个角色或起某种作用:
did Elizabeth I in the film.
在影片中饰伊丽莎白一世
To mimic:
模仿:模仿,学…的样子:
“doing the Southern voice, improvising it inventively as he goes along”(William H. Pritchard)
“他边走边模仿南方人的口音,即兴弄出不少噱头”(威廉H.普里查德)
To bring about; effect:
引起;产生:
Crying won't do any good now.
现在哭不起任何作用
To render; give:
给;给予:
do equal justice to the opposing sides; do honor to one's family.
公平对待反对人士;向某人的家人致敬
To put forth; exert:
使出;表现:
Do the best you can.
尽你所能
To attend to in such a way as to take care of or put in order:
整理:按一定的方式使某物有条理:
did the bedrooms before the guests arrived.
赶在客人到达之前收拾收卧室
To prepare for further use especially by washing:
清洁:尤指通过洗来预备继续使用:
did the dishes.
洗餐具
To set or style (the hair).
服务:按新式样整理(头发)
To apply cosmetics to:
化妆:施化妆品于:
did her face.
在她的脸上化妆
To have as an occupation or a profession:
以…为职业:
Have you decided what you will do after graduate school?
你研究所毕业之后想要做什么工作?
To work out by studying:
研读:通过学习完成:
do a homework assignment.
完成家庭作业
Informal
【非正式用语】
To travel (a specified distance):
移动:移动(某一特定距离):
do a mile in four minutes.
四分钟走完一英里
To make a tour of; visit:
旅游;参观:
“[He] did 15 countries of Western Europe in only a few days” (R.W. Apple, Jr.)
“[他] 只在几天里就游览了西欧的十五个国家” (小R.W.阿普尔)
To be sufficient in meeting the needs of; serve:
足够:足够满足…之需;供应:
This room will do us very nicely.
这间房子正合我们的意
Informal To serve (a prison term).
【非正式用语】 服(刑期)
Slang To cheat; swindle:
【俚语】 欺骗;骗取:
do a relative out of an inheritance.
从亲戚那里骗取一笔遗产
Slang To take (drugs) illegally:
【俚语】 非法吸(毒):
“If you do drugs you are going to be in continual trouble”(Jimmy Breslin)
“如果你吸毒,麻烦还在后头呢”(吉米·布雷斯林)
v.intr.(不及物动词)
To behave or conduct oneself; act:
表现,举止;行为:
Do as I say and you won't get into trouble.
按我说的去办,你便惹不了麻烦
To get along; fare:
进展;进行:
students who do well at school.
学习好的学生
To carry on; manage:
继续;应付得了:
We can very easily do without your interference.
没有你的干扰我们可以轻松地进行下去
To make good use of something because of need:
需要:
I could do with a nice hot bath.
我想好好儿地洗个热水澡
To serve a specified purpose:
能够:
This coat will do for another season.
这件棉衣能再用一年
To be proper or fitting:
得体:
Such behavior just won't do.
这种行为不得体
To take place; happen:
举行;发生:
What's doing in London this time of year?
每年这个时候伦敦都会有些什么事?
Used as a substitute for an antecedent verb:
用来代替前文动词:
worked as hard as everyone else did.
象其余的人那样努力工作
Used after another verb for emphasis:
强调前面的动词:用于另外一个动词之后表示强调:
Run quickly, do!
快跑!
v.aux.(助动词)
Used with the infinitive withoutto in questions, negative statements, and inverted phrases:
用于疑问句、否定句和倒装句:跟不带to 的不定式连用,见于问句、否句、倒装句中:
Do you understand? I did not sleep well. Little did we know what was in store for us.
你懂吗?我没睡好。我们不清楚留给我们的是什么
Used as a means of emphasis:
用以强调:
I do want to be sure. Do be still!
我确实想肯定。安静!
n.(名词)
【复数】 do's 或 dos
A statement of what should be done:
管理条例:要干什么事的声明:
a list of the do's and don'ts of management.
列出能做和不能做的管理条例
Informal An entertainment; a party:
【非正式用语】 宴会:娱乐;社交聚会:
attended a big do at the embassy.
参加大使馆举行的盛大聚会
Regional A commotion.
【区域的】 混乱。骚动
Chiefly British A swindle; a cheat.
【多用于英国】 欺骗;骗取
Archaic Duty; deed.
【古语】 责任;事迹
第2个回答  2008-08-12
where are you going?和Do you understand?才是正确的!
where are you going?是现在进行时,翻译为你现在要去哪里?现在进行时的陈述语句固定句型是:
主语+BE动词+实义动词的ING形式··· 比如:I am drinking water!我正在喝水! where you going?中没有BE动词are,所以是错误的!不符合“主语+BE动词+实义动词的ING形式··· ”的规则!这个“主语+BE动词+实义动词的ING形式···” 表示现在进行时的陈述语句是规定的!也叫固定句型!没有为什么的!
Do you understand?中,因为understand是实义动词,所以就用Do来问,因为Do在某种意义上就是实义动词!这样前后照应!而不用Are来问,因为Are是BE动词,不是实义动词,不能与understand照应!
BE动词一般翻译成汉语为“是”的意思!实义动词就是一般的客观发生的动作的词!比如,做,看,听,说,还有上面的understand理解,等等!
再来验证一下!Are you understand?中有Are“是”, understand“理解”,那怎么翻译?没有人会这么说:你是理解吗? 正确的说法是:你理解吗?Do you understand?Do就是用来照应understand,没有实际意义!you “你”,understand“理解”,Do“···” !!!
第3个回答  2008-08-12
一、where are you going?和where you going?
后面一句话的成分是不完全的,少了系动词
作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
where are you going?中的are 是系动词,而且是状态系动词
用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:
He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。)
二、be动词的用法:
1)作助动词用,构成各种时态或语
Be calm! 安静!
We're going now. 我们现在就去。
He was bitten by a dog. 他被狗咬了。
2)连接主语和补语
Horses are animals. 马是动物。
This book is mine. 这本书是我的。
He will be happy. 他会幸福的。
The old lady was upstairs. 那位老妇人在楼上待过。
3)存在
三、有的时候be不能用am,is,are来替换
当be动词前已经有一个动词、副词或者介词了
比如will、must、to等等
后面就接原型 be
口语里面更常见——I'm gonna be allright。。。。
四、Be的用法口诀
我用am,你用are,is连着他,她,它;
单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。
变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。
变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记。
疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。
第4个回答  2008-08-15
be动词在句子缺少动词的情况下使用,where you going 是口语可以这样说。

be后面一般跟表语 相当于“是”的意思
比如I am a student 或者 be 后面一般跟形容词
you are beautiful

而do 是助动词 一般在否定句里面和疑问句里面出现。
如:what does he do?I dont like mokeys.
在肯定句里面 常常有一个实意动词代替do
比如I like apples。这里的like就是动词 相当于”do“

一般判断疑问句应该用do 还是be要看 提问的句子中有没有谓语动词 如果有 就用do 如果是问他是谁啊 状态之类的用are 不过如果是现在进行时,也要用be提问
例如:Are you sleeping?Are you good?
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