第1个回答 2017-03-27
一、双宾语
英语中,有些及物动词可接两个宾语（双宾语）,即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语.常用句型为：主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语.如：
Give me a cup of tea,please.请给我一杯茶.
有时,间接宾语也可改为由介词to或for引起的短语,放在直接宾语的后面.如：
She passed him the salt.＝She passed the salt to him.她把盐递给了他.
Her uncle bought her an English-Chinese dictionary yesterday.＝ Her uncle bought an English-Chinese dictionary for her yesterday.昨天,她叔叔给她买了一本英汉词典.
下面几种情况,通常要用介词to或for引起的短语：
1.当直接宾语是人称代词（it／them）时.如：
The watch is Li Lei's.Please give it to him.这块手表是李雷的.请把它给他.
2.当强调间接宾语时.如：
Mother cooks breakfast for us every day.母亲每天都为我们做早饭.
3.当间接宾语比直接宾语长时.如：
On the bus,he often gives his seat to an old person.在公共汽车上,他经常把座位让给老人.
注：由to连接间接宾语的动词有：pass,give,show,tell,lend,take等；由for连接间接宾语的动词有：buy,cook,get,sing,make等.
二、复合宾语
英语中,有些及物动词接宾语后还需接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况,这样意思才完整.宾语和宾语补足语合称复合宾语.常用句型为：主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语.可用作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、现在分词、动词不定式、介词短语等.
1.接名词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有call,name,think,make等.如：
We call them mooncakes.我们把它们叫作月饼.
2.接形容词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有make,keep,think,find等.如：
At first I found Chinese hard.开始的时候,我发现汉语很难.
3.动词不定式作宾语补足语时通常分为下面三种情况：
1）接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的有tell,want,ask,wish,teach等.如：
Tell him to come here the day after tomorrow.告诉他后天到这里来.
2）接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的有hear,see,watch,let,make等.如：
He made us laugh.他使我们大笑.
3）接带to或不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的是help.如：
She often helps her mother（to） do some housework.她经常帮母亲做家务活.
4.接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有watch,see,hear,find,keep等.如：
In the country,he can hear birds singing.在农村,他能听到鸟儿歌唱.
5.接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词常见的有find,keep,take等.如：
The boy found his pen on the floor.这个男孩在地板上找到了他的钢笔.
可用下面方法来判断一个及物动词所带的是双宾语还是复合宾语：如果宾语与其后的成分之间存在着逻辑上的主谓或主表关系,则该动词接的是复合宾语,否则就是双宾语.
含有双宾语的动词在变为被动语态时,有以下三种情形：
一、有些双宾动词(如award,buy,give,leave,lend,offer,pay,show,teach,tell等)在变为被动语态时,既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语,而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语),也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语,而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for,与所搭配的动词有关).比较：
He gave her some money.他给她一些钱.
→ She was given some money.
→Some money was given to him.
He bought her a watch.他给她买了一快表.
→ A watch was bought for her.
→She was bought a watch.
二、有些双宾动词(如bring,do,make,pass,sell,send,sing,write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语,而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for)：
Father made me a doll.
→ A doll was made for me.
He wrote her a letter.
→ A letter was written to her.
三、有些双宾动词(如answer,deny,envy,refuse,save,spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语,而将直接宾语用作保留宾语：
He answered me that question.
→ I was answered that question by him.
复合宾语的被动语态：原来的句子是“主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语”,在变被动语态的时候只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语,宾语补足语变为被动语态的主语补足语.
例如：They heard her sing an English song at the party.
他们在晚会上听到她唱了一首英语歌.
改为：
She was heard singing an English song at the party. 这句中原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语,所有的这种情况都是这样变化.本回答被网友采纳